School leaving and social mobility fairly represent the Malagasy outdated educational system. That system lacks means and is crippled with ill-functioning processes at the level of its structure as well as at that of its organization. The acknowledgement of failure is not better as far as the system is concerned at the institutional level. In spite of the present efforts to ameliorate the situation, the system always knows a grave deficiency and is not at all adapted to social realities. Several historical, social and cultural factors hang heavy on the wheel of this vicious circle. This is “the lack of education – bad living conditions – poverty”.