Numerical simulation GROUND WAVE PROPAGATION Electrical machines 3D finite difference method Analytical model Modeling Eddy currents Rosen type transformer Modèles numériques Torque Piezoelectricity Modèles analytiques Relaxation method PIV Piezoelectric energy harvester Optimal control Magnetic field Steel sheet Thermic process Electric Motors PROBLEM OF SOMMERFELD Boundary integral equations 3-D Analytical Equivalent Magnetic Circuit Aerodynamics Turbulence Inverse Problem Electromechanical impedance 3D FDTD Post-buckled beams Design HYBRIDIZATION Electromagnetism Optimisation Paschen 3EP Heat transfer enhancement Ironless Topology optimization Shear layer Synchronous Reluctance Time-resolved PIV Electromechanical actuator Iron losses Exact global optimization Branch and Bound Algorithm FDTD Branch&Bound Lorentz force law SIMP method Minor loops Optimal design Energy harvesting Electric motor Force sensor Sub-differential Inverse problem Shooting method Smart materials Conception Magnetic scalar potential Nonlinear modeling Optimization Sensitivity Analysis 3D Analytical Equivalent Magnetic Circuit Actuators Finite elements Actionneurs Moteur électrique Permanent Magnet Topology Optimization Deterministic global optimization Piezoelectric actuators Numerical model Interval arithmetic Shape-memory Alloys Play model Additive manufacturing 3D FDTD HYBRIDIZATION Morphing Maxwell equations Décharges partielles Hysterons Analytical modeling Magnetic Flux Leakage Piézoélectricité Adjoint Method PDE-constrained optimization Torque Motor Global optimization Axial flux machines Magnetic coupling Piezoelectric transformer Control Partial discharges Modélisation Optimization algorithms Hysteresis 1D multi-physics model Shape memory alloys Accouplement magnétique