L'école et les enfants « anormaux ». L'analyse de Michel Foucault

Abstract : Specialized education has been caring for a long time for so called "Abnormal" children. This category of "abnormality" has to be put into perspective in its historic genealogy. How did the educational system manage to take care of those "different" children? In order to answer that question, one must study the gradual constitution of the subjects as well as the evolution of the ruling theories wich both gave birth to a "specialized education", and, in a wider aspect, shed a light on today's issues. Within this genealogical search, we shall use Michel's Foucault's conceptual tools. His historical analysis tends to reveal a strong normative pedagogigal power issued from a disciplinary logic and, ad the same time, another logic, rather based on a educative care paying its respects to freedom in children, considered as human beings.