Phytochemical Profile and Biological Activity Evaluation of Zanthoxylum heterophyllum Leaves against Malaria

Allison Ledoux 1 Hinerava Maraetefau 1 Olivia Jansen 1 Delphine Etienne 1 Joëlle Quetin-Leclercq 2 Patricia Clerc 3 Jacqueline Smadja 3 Michel Frédérich 1
1 Laboratoire de pharmacognosie
2 Pharmacognosy research group
3 LCSNSA - Laboratoire de Chimie des Substances Naturelles et des Sciences des Aliments
Abstract : ! The aim of this study was to evaluate the antiplasmodial properties of Zanthoxylum heterophyllum, an endemic plant from the Mascarene Islands. In vitro antiplasmodial activity of ethyl acetate and dichloromethane crude extracts obtained from leaf samples collected on Reunion Island was evaluated on the Plasmodi-um falciparum 3D7 chloroquine-sensitive strain using a colori-metric method. The major active compound was identified by chromatographic and spectroscopic methods. The best antiplas-modial activity was obtained for the ethyl acetate extract (15 µg/ mL < IC 50 < 50 µg/mL). The major compound was identified as a sanshool derivative, an alkylamide compound that has moderate antimalarial activity (IC 50 = 11.3 µg/mL). This is the first report of the presence of a sanshool derivative in Z. heterophyllum. The moderate antiplasmodial activity of hydroxy-γ-isosanshool was demonstrated for the first time.
Keywords : Zanthoxylum heterophyllum Rutaceae malaria antiplasmodial activitiy Réunion Island sanshool
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Allison Ledoux, Hinerava Maraetefau, Olivia Jansen, Delphine Etienne, Joëlle Quetin-Leclercq, et al.. Phytochemical Profile and Biological Activity Evaluation of Zanthoxylum heterophyllum Leaves against Malaria. Planta Medica, Georg Thieme Verlag, 2015, 2, ⟨10.1055/s-0035-1545821⟩. ⟨hal-01397518⟩

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