This book represents the proceedings of an international seminar held at the University of La Reunion in November 2014, the outcome of a pluridisciplinary project bringing together a number of research centres, including the Federation of Research Centers Observatoire Scientifique de Océan Indien, CALTS Hyderabad, and AUSTRALEX Adelaide. Offering a reflection on scholarship and plural identity constructions, with a specific focus on the Indian Ocean area, the book provides an in-depth discussion of the concepts of “heritage and exchanges” in Indian Ocean countries. The volume is divided into two parts, with the first section, focusing on the concept of heritage, examining intercultural and multilingual legacies which influence the construction and evolution of identity at the level of the individual. The second section deals with the notion and dynamics of exchange, regarding both educational policies in multilingual and intercultural contexts and multilingual and intercultural language learning processes. The heritage and exchanges explored throughout the volume attest to cultural and linguistic pluralities which are part of languages and cultures in contact, but which also reveal a plural yet partitioned world, influenced by subjective representations.