P. Adler and J. Thovert, Under the Volcano: Unsaturated Flow and Induced Variations of Electromagnetic and Gravitational Fields, Transport in Porous Media, vol.343, issue.1, pp.11242-11251, 2010.
DOI : 10.1007/s11242-009-9471-5

URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00477543

K. Aizawa, Classification of self-potential anomalies on volcanoes and possible interpretations for their subsurface structure, Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, vol.175, issue.3, pp.253-268, 2008.
DOI : 10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2008.03.011

V. Allègre, A. Maineult, F. Lehmann, F. Lopes, and M. Zamora, Self-potential response to drainage-imbibition cycles, Geophysical Journal International, vol.197, issue.3, pp.1410-1424, 2014.
DOI : 10.1093/gji/ggu055

R. Antoine, D. Baratoux, M. Rabinowicz, F. Fontaine, P. Bachèlery et al., Thermal infrared image analysis of a quiescent cone on Piton de la Fournaise volcano: Evidence of convective air flow within an unconsolidated soil, Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, vol.183, issue.3-4, pp.228-244, 2009.
DOI : 10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2008.12.003

URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01241162

R. Antoine, T. Lopez, D. Baratoux, M. Rabinowicz, and K. Kurita, Thermal analysis of fractures at Cerberus Fossae, Mars: Detection of air convection in the porous debris apron, Icarus, vol.214, issue.2, pp.433-446, 2011.
DOI : 10.1016/j.icarus.2010.12.025

P. Antraygues and M. Aubert, Self potential generated by two-phase flow in a porous medium: Experimental study and volcanological applications, Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth, vol.38, issue.8, pp.22273-22281, 1993.
DOI : 10.1029/93JB02395

G. E. Archie, The Electrical Resistivity Log as an Aid in Determining Some Reservoir Characteristics, Transactions of the AIME, vol.146, issue.01, pp.54-62, 1942.
DOI : 10.2118/942054-G

M. Aubert and Q. Atangana, Self-Potential Method in Hydrogeological Exploration of Volcanic Areas, Ground Water, vol.2, issue.6, pp.1010-1016, 1996.
DOI : 10.1190/1.1441409

M. Aubert, I. Dana, and A. Gourgaud, Internal structure of the Merapi summit from self-potential measurements, Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, vol.100, issue.1-4, pp.337-343, 2000.
DOI : 10.1016/S0377-0273(00)00143-8

M. Aubert, R. Auby, F. Bourlet, and Y. Bourlet, Contribution ?? la surveillance de l'activit?? de l'Etna ?? partir de l'??tude des zones fumerolliennes, Bulletin Volcanologique, vol.2, issue.2, pp.1039-1050, 1984.
DOI : 10.1007/BF01952359

M. Awdankiewicz, Sedimentation, volcanism and subvolcanic intrusions in a late Palaeozoic intramontane trough (the Intra-Sudetic Basin, SW Poland), Geological Society, London, Special Publications, vol.234, issue.1, 2004.
DOI : 10.1144/GSL.SP.2004.234.01.02

P. Bachèlery, Le Piton de la Fournaise (Ile de la Réunion): Etude volcanologique, structurale et pétrologique (Ph.D. thesis), 1981.

S. Barde-cabusson, A. Finizola, A. Peltier, M. Chaput, N. Taquet et al., Structural control of collapse events inferred by self-potential mapping on the Piton de la Fournaise volcano (La Runion Island), J. Volcanol. Geotherm. Res, pp.209-210, 2012.

P. Bedrosian, J. Unsworth-martyn, and J. Johnston-malcolm, Hydrothermal circulation at Mount St. Helens determined by self-potential measurements, Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, vol.160, issue.1-2, pp.137-146, 2007.
DOI : 10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2006.09.003

F. Birch, Testing Fournier's Method for Finding Water Table from Self-Potential, Ground Water, vol.31, issue.9, pp.50-56, 1993.
DOI : 10.1111/j.1745-6584.1993.tb00827.x

S. Bonvalot, M. Diament, and G. Gabalda, Continuous gravity recording with Scintrex CG-3M meters:a promising tool for monitoring active zones, Geophysical Journal International, vol.135, issue.2, pp.470-494, 1998.
DOI : 10.1046/j.1365-246X.1998.00653.x

URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/insu-01354070

E. Brothelande, A. Finizola, A. Peltier, E. Delcher, J. Komorowski et al., Fluid circulation pattern inside La Soufri??re volcano (Guadeloupe) inferred from combined electrical resistivity tomography, self-potential, soil temperature and diffuse degassing measurements, Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, vol.288, pp.105-122, 2014.
DOI : 10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2014.10.007

L. Cserepes, M. Rabinowicz, and C. Rosemberg-borot, Three-dimensional infinite Prandtl number convection in one and two layers with implications for the Earth's gravity field, Journal of Geophysical Research, vol.76, issue.B10, pp.12009-12025, 1988.
DOI : 10.1029/JB093iB10p12009

M. Darnet and G. Marquis, Modelling streaming potential (SP) signals induced by water movement in the vadose zone, Journal of Hydrology, vol.285, issue.1-4, pp.114-124, 2004.
DOI : 10.1016/j.jhydrol.2003.08.010

J. Douglas and H. Rachford, On the numerical solution of heat conduction problems in two and three space variables, Transactions of the American Mathematical Society, vol.82, issue.2, pp.421-439, 1956.
DOI : 10.1090/S0002-9947-1956-0084194-4

A. Finizola, F. Sortino, J. Lénat, and M. Valenza, Fluid circulation at Stromboli volcano (Aeolian Islands, Italy) from self-potential and CO2 surveys, Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, vol.116, issue.1-2, pp.1-18, 2002.
DOI : 10.1016/S0377-0273(01)00327-4

A. Finizola, F. Sortino, J. Lénat, M. Aubert, M. Ripepe et al., The summit hydrothermal system of Stromboli. New insights from self-potential, temperature, CO 2 and fumarolic fluid measurements, with structural and monitoring implications, Bulletin of Volcanology, vol.65, issue.7, pp.486-504, 2003.
DOI : 10.1007/s00445-003-0276-z

URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01452541

A. Finizola, J. Lénat, O. D. Macedo, J. Thouret, and F. Sortino, Fluid circulation and structural discontinuities inside Misti volcano (Peru) inferred from self-potential measurements, Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, vol.135, issue.4, pp.343-360, 2004.
DOI : 10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2004.03.009

URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01452539

F. Fontaine, M. Rabinowicz, J. Boulegue, and L. Jouniaux, Constraints on hydrothermal processes on basaltic edifices: inferences on the conditions leading to hydrovolcanic eruptions at Piton de la Fournaise, R??union Island, Indian Ocean, Earth and Planetary Science Letters, vol.200, issue.1-2, pp.1-14, 2002.
DOI : 10.1016/S0012-821X(02)00599-X

C. Fournier, SPONTANEOUS POTENTIALS AND RESISTIVITY SURVEYS APPLIED TO HYDROGEOLOGY IN A VOLCANIC AREA: CASE HISTORY OF THE CHAINE DES PUYS (PUY-DE-DOME, FRANCE)1, Geophysical Prospecting, vol.28, issue.6, pp.647-668, 1989.
DOI : 10.1190/1.1440961

G. Gabalda, S. Bonvalot, and R. Hipkin, CG3TOOL: an interactive computer program to process Scintrex CG-3/3M gravity data for high-resolution applications, Computers & Geosciences, vol.29, issue.2, pp.155-171, 2003.
DOI : 10.1016/S0098-3004(02)00114-0

P. Genthon, M. Rabinowicz, J. Foucher, and J. Sibuet, Hydrothermal circulation in an anisotropic sedimentary basin: Application to the Okinawa Back Arc Basin, Journal of Geophysical Research, vol.54, issue.B12, 1990.
DOI : 10.1029/JB095iB12p19175

A. Gudmundsson, The 1991 eruption of Hekla, Iceland. Bull. Volcanol, vol.54, pp.238-246, 1992.

X. Guichet, L. Jouniaux, and J. Pozzi, Streaming potential of a sand column in partial saturation conditions, Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth, vol.38, issue.6, 2003.
DOI : 10.1029/2001JB001517

H. Hase, T. Hashimoto, S. Sakanaka, W. Kanda, and Y. Tanaka, Hydrothermal system beneath Aso volcano as inferred from self-potential mapping and resistivity structure, Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, vol.143, issue.4, pp.259-277, 2005.
DOI : 10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2004.12.005

J. Head and L. Wilson, Basaltic pyroclastic eruptions: Influence of gas-release patterns and volume fluxes on fountain structure, and the formation of cinder cones, spatter cones, rootless flows, lava ponds and lava flows, Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, vol.37, issue.3-4, pp.261-2710377, 1989.
DOI : 10.1016/0377-0273(89)90083-8

E. Heggy, S. Clifford, R. Grimm, C. Dinwiddie, D. Wyrick et al., Ground-Penetrating Radar sounding in mafic lava flows: assessing attenuation and scattering losses in Mars-analog volcanic terrains, J. Geophys. Res, vol.111, 2006.

T. Ishido, Electrokinetic mechanism for the ???W???-shaped self-potential profile on volcanoes, Geophysical Research Letters, vol.205, issue.B3, 2004.
DOI : 10.1029/2004GL020409

T. Ishido and H. Mizutani, Experimental and theoretical basis of electrokinetic phenomena in rock-water systems and its applications to geophysics, Journal of Geophysical Research, vol.38, issue.B3, pp.1763-1775, 1981.
DOI : 10.1029/JB086iB03p01763

T. Ishido and J. Pritchett, Numerical simulation of electrokinetic potentials associated with subsurface fluid flow, Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth, vol.38, issue.2, pp.15247-15259, 1999.
DOI : 10.1029/1999JB900093

D. Jackson and J. Kauahikaua, Regional self-potential anomalies at Kilauea Volcano, pp.947-959, 1987.

P. Jousset, S. Dwipa, S. Beauducel, F. Duquesnoy, and M. Diament, Temporal gravity at Merapi during the 1993???1995 crisis: an insight into the dynamical behaviour of volcanoes, Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, vol.100, issue.1-4, pp.289-320, 2000.
DOI : 10.1016/S0377-0273(00)00141-4

G. V. Keller and F. C. Frischknecht, Electrical Methods in Geophysical Prospecting, 1996.

P. Labazuy, Recurrent landslide on the submarine flanks of Piton de la Fournaise volcano (Réunion Island) Volcano Instability on the Earth and other planets, Geol. Soc. Lond, pp.293-305, 1996.

J. Lénat, D. Fitterman, D. Jackson, and P. Labazuy, Geoelectrical structure of the central zone of Piton de la Fournaise volcano (R??union), Bulletin of Volcanology, vol.62, issue.2, pp.75-89, 2000.
DOI : 10.1007/s004459900058

M. H. Loke and R. D. Barker, Practical techniques for 3D resistivity surveys and data inversion, Geophys. Prospect, vol.44, p.499173, 1996.

T. Lopez, R. Antoine, D. Baratoux, M. Rabinowicz, K. Kurita et al., Thermal anomalies on pit craters and sinuous rilles of Arsia Mons: Possible signatures of atmospheric gas circulation in the volcano, Journal of Geophysical Research: Planets, vol.109, issue.10, p.9007, 2012.
DOI : 10.1029/2004JE002240

N. Lu, Y. Zhang, and B. Ross, Onset of gas convection in a moist porous layer with the top boundary open to the atmosphere, International Communications in Heat and Mass Transfer, vol.26, issue.1, pp.33-44, 1999.
DOI : 10.1016/S0735-1933(98)00119-5

B. Malengreau, J. Lénat, and A. Bonneville, Cartographie et surveillance temporelle des anomalies de polarisation spontanées (PS) sur le Piton de la Fournaise, Bull. Soc. Géol. France, vol.165, issue.3, pp.221-232, 1994.

S. Marsden and C. Tyran, The streaming potential generated by flow of wet steam in capillary tubes, Proceedings, Eleventh Workshop on Geothermal Reservoir Engineering, 1986.

O. Merle and J. Lénat, Hybrid collapse mechanism at Piton de la Fournaise (Réunion Island, Indian Ocean J. Geophys. Res, vol.108, pp.2166-2176, 2003.

S. Michel, Effets électriques et magnétiques sur le Piton de la Fournaise (Ile de la Réunion): influence de la circulation des fluides, 1998.

S. Michel and J. Zlotnicki, Self-potential and magnetic surveying of La Fournaise volcano (R??union Island): Correlations with faulting, fluid circulation, and eruption, Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth, vol.38, issue.6, pp.17845-17857, 1998.
DOI : 10.1029/98JB00607

L. Michon, F. Saint-ange, P. Bachèlery, N. Villeneuve, and T. Staudacher, Role of the structural inheritance of the oceanic lithosphere in the magmato-tectonic evolution of Piton de la Fournaise volcano (La R??union Island), Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth, vol.40, issue.B3, p.4205, 2007.
DOI : 10.1029/2005GL023720

J. Moore and S. Glaser, Laboratory observations of an advancing boiling front in a porous medium and correlation to self-potential measurements, Proceedings, 2004.

F. Morgan, E. Williams, and T. Madden, Streaming potential properties of westerly granite with applications, Journal of Geophysical Research, vol.2, issue.B9, pp.12449-12461, 1989.
DOI : 10.1029/JB094iB09p12449

S. Ohsawa, Y. Yusa, K. Oue, and K. Amita, Entrainment of atmospheric air into the volcanic system during the 1995 phreatic eruption of Kuju Volcano, Japan, Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, vol.96, issue.1-2, pp.33-43, 2000.
DOI : 10.1016/S0377-0273(99)00134-1

A. Ormond, J. Boulègue, and P. Genthon, A thermoconvective interpretation of heat flow data in the area of Ocean Drilling Program Leg 116 in a distal part of the Bengal Fan, Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth, vol.116, issue.B5, pp.8083-8095, 1995.
DOI : 10.1029/95JB00072

M. Rabinowicz, J. Sempéré, and P. Genthon, Thermal convection in a vertical permeable slot: Implications for hydrothermal circulation along mid-ocean ridges, Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth, vol.46, issue.B12, pp.29275-29292, 1998.
DOI : 10.1029/1999JB900259

M. Rabinowicz, S. Rouzo, J. Sempéré, and C. Rosemberg, Three-dimensional mantle flow beneath mid-ocean ridges, Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth, vol.355, issue.B5, pp.7851-7869, 1993.
DOI : 10.1029/92JB02740

A. Revil and A. Cerepi, Streaming potentials in two-phase flow conditions, L11605, p.31, 2004.
DOI : 10.1029/2003JB002755

A. Revil, H. Schwaeger, L. Cathles, and P. Manhardt, Streaming potential in porous media: 2. Theory and application to geothermal systems, Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth, vol.93, issue.B9, 1999.
DOI : 10.1029/1999JB900090

K. Sandmeier, ReflexW Version 3.5. Program for Processing of Seismic, Acoustic or Electromagnetic Reflection, Refraction, and Transmission Data. Software Manual, p.345, 2004.

S. Eve, S. Mercer-tony, B. Djabbarah-nizar, and F. , Streaming potential from multiphase flow, Geophysics, vol.59, issue.5, pp.707-711, 1994.

M. Strahser, L. Jouniaux, P. Sailhac, P. D. Matthey, and M. Zillmer, Dependence of seismoelectric amplitudes on water content, Geophysical Journal International, vol.187, issue.3, pp.1378-1392, 2011.
DOI : 10.1111/j.1365-246X.2011.05232.x

URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00643128

W. Telford, L. Geldart, and R. Sheriff, Applied Geophysics, 1990.
DOI : 10.1017/CBO9781139167932

C. Vieira, A. Meineult, and M. Zamora, Laboratory study of self-potential signals during releasing of CO2 and N2 plumes, Comptes Rendus Geoscience, vol.344, issue.10, pp.498-507, 2012.
DOI : 10.1016/j.crte.2012.09.002

E. P. Weeks, Effect of topography on gas flow in unsaturated fractured rock: Concepts and observations, Flow and Transport Through Unsaturated Fractured Rock, 1987.
DOI : 10.1029/GM042p0053

K. Wohletz and G. Heiken, Volcanology and Geothermal Energy. Los Alamos Series in Basic and Applied Sciences, p.432, 1992.

C. Zablocki, Mapping thermal anomalies on an active volcano by the self-potential method, Kilauea, Hawaii, Proceedings, 2nd U.N. Symposium of the Development and Use of Geothermal Resources, pp.1299-1309, 1975.

C. Zablocki, Streaming potentials resulting from the descent of meteoric water. A possible source mechanism for Kilauean self-potential anomalies, Geotherm. Resour. Council Trans, vol.2, pp.747-748, 1978.

A. Zodhy, L. Anderson, and L. Muffler, Resistivity, self-potential and induced polarization surveys of a vapor-dominated geothermal system, Geophysics, vol.38, pp.1130-1144, 1973.